Artificial tooth



F. H. raussm. ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23, 1919. 1,376,645. Patented M y 3,1921.-

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

fwezzfar.

MW at? F. H. RUSSELL.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

APPLICATION FILED' MAY 23. 1919.

1,376,645. Patent-ed May 3, 1921.

I 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Jnvenior.

UNITED STATES FRANK H. RUSSELL, OF ELKQ, NEVADA.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 23, 1919. Serial No. 299,694.

T0 aZZ whom it may cancer-n:

Be it known that I, FRANK H. RUssnLL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Elke, in the county of Elko and State of Nevada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Artificial Teeth, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanymg drawing.

The invention relates to improvements in artificial teeth for use in dentistry crown and bridge work. The invention has to do more especially with the type of artificial teeth disclosed in my Patent 1,265,252 and application Serial 236,938, filedv May 27, 1918, comprising a crown of porcelain, or other suitable material, and a mounting of metal therefor, the present invention being an improvement on the devices disclosed in said patent and application.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved artificial tooth of the character referred to having the mounting so constructed and arranged that when the tooth has been applied in the mouth, there is no gold or metal of the mounting visible; to provide a construction that permits of the grinding of the crown to the desired size and shape on any surface thereof, if the plane of the base is unchanged, without materially weakening the tooth structure; a construction in which the base plate may be readily changed in size and shape to correspond with the configuration of the bottom of the crown, while at the same time furnishing sufficient anchorage between the base plate and crown, to provide a device of this kind that can be easily and quickly prepared for crown or bridge work without special skill, one that can be produced very cheaply and will be strong and efiicient in use.

The invention, with other objects and advantages thereof, and the particular construction, combination and arrangement of parts comprising the same will be understood from the hereinafter contained detail description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof and illustrating embodiments of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view, on an en larged scale, of a molar or bicuspid crown constructed in accordance with the present invention. 7

Fig. 2 is a perspective View of the base plate for the crown illustrated, Fig. 1.

Flg. 3 1s a bottom plan view of the crown with the base plate applied thereto.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view similar to F 1g. 3, the side extensions of the flange havlng been bent back and secured together and to marginal portions of the base plate. Fig. 1s a perspective view of a bridge illustrating the manner of connecting the base plate in position to two adjoining cap crowns.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a cuspid or incisor tooth, used in connection with a natural root, in this instance the side extensions of the flangehaving been cut off.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a modified construction of crown.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a modified construction of base plate for use with the crown illustrated, Fig. 7.

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views respectively, of a crown and plate illustrating another modification.

Figs. 11 and 12 are, respectively, a side elevation and perspective view illustrating a further modification of the mounting.

Figs. 13 and 14 are detail side elevations illustrating a still further modification.

While Ihave illustrated in the drawings, several specific embodiments of the invention, I desire it to be understood that changes and variations in the particular constructionsshown, and the carrying out of the inventlon'in other forms, as will appeal to those skilled in the art and falling within the scope of the appended claims, may be practised without departing from the spirit of the invention. 7

In the drawings, the construction illustrated, Figs. 1 to at inclusive, comprises a crown A, of porcelain or other suitable composition, having a fiat bottom part a provided with a groove a therein extending across the same near the front thereof, and with a socket or pin opening a in rear of the groove a. In front of the groove a in the bottom is an overhanging projection a shown, in this instance, relatively long and extending at right'angles to the face of the bottom part 2. The groove a, which is shown straight and extending inwardly at right angles to the face of the bottom a, is interrupted by a strengthening wall or partition a disposed centrally of the sides of the crown, the groove a extending from Patented May 3, 1921.

' flange having a notched part b to fit over the reinforcing wall a". This flange b has portions b extending beyond opposite side edges of'the plate 6, said portions Zi 6 being adapted to be bent back andaround the lower portion of the crown, secured to marginal portions of the plate B, and their ends secured together to form with the plate B a pan-like structure to receive the bottom a of the crown, or said portions b -Z) may be cut off, in some classes of work the said portions 6 -6 being unnecessary. The plate B also has an upwardlyprojecting pin Z) adapted to fit into. the socket a in the bottom part a of the crown. V

In practice. the base plate or backing B is fitted against the bottom part a and secured thereto by a cementitious composition, or other suitable means with the flange b engaging the groove a, and the pin 6* fitting into the socket (tithe flange extensions or portions 5 -6 being bent around the lower part of the crown and secured to marginal portions of the plate B and their ends connected together, or said extensions may be cut off as desired. 7

The tooth is adapted to be secured upon a capped natural root or in a bridge. In Fig. 6 of the drawings, the tooth is shown applied to a capped root, in this instance, the extensions b b have been cut off. In this view C designates the natural root provided with a cap crown c in accordance with the usual practice. 0 designates solder securing the plate 6 to the cap crown c.

In Fig. 5, the plate 13 is shown soldered in position between two adjoining crowns D D of the bridge, the portions b -b being bent around and soldered to the plate B and also to the adjoining'crowns D D.

The crown may be provided with a relatively long overhanging projection as shown front of the groove and flange, the lower in'Fig. 1, or with a relatively small projecting part as indicated in Fig. 5. In this view E designates the porcelaincrown, e the groove therein, 6 the base plate, 6 the flange, and e the overhanging portion in face of the overhanging portion e in this instance, extending substantially flush with the under surface of the base plate 6.

The groove and flange maybe curved and continuous from side to side as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings. In these figures f designates the groove and f the socket for the pin, and g the flange, and g the pin or post of the plate G; or the groove and flange may have the angular formation shown in Figs. 9 and 10 in which H designates the crown, h the groove therein and it the socket, K the base plate, 7: the flange, and lcthe pin. "As illustrated in Fig. 7 the lower portion of the crown may be shaped to provide a reduced part it and a shoulder k to be engaged by the flange extensions lF-lf, with the upper edge of the extensions fitting against the shoulder.

' The groove and socket in the bottom of the crown instead of extending at right angles to the face of the bottom part as in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, may be disposed at different angles to the bottom, and the flange and pin of thebase plate correspondingly arranged, as indicated in Fi s. 1l12 and 13-14: of the drawings. In Figs. l1 and 12 L designates the crown having a groove Z and a socket opening Z; M indicates the base plate provided with a flange m and a pin m.

Referring to Figs. 13 and 14 N is the crown provided with a groove wand with a socket opening a; and O designates the base plate having a flange 0 and a pin 0'.

By the special construction and arrangement of parts hereinbefore described, a strong, durable structure is provided that can be quickly prepared without special skill, and when the tooth is applied in the mouth the metal of the mounting is not visible, the objectionable appearance of gold about the teeth being avoided, and the construction also permitting of the use of cheaper metals for the base plate.

It. will be noted that the sides and rear edges of the base plate are entirely free so that the base plate can be readily changed in size and shape by grindingor otherwise, as desired, to suit the shape of the bottom of the crown, while at the same time ample surface for soldering to crown abutments or the'like is provided through the flange extensions, which are afterward bent around and soldered together and to the base plate, the flange extensions in addition to affording increased area for soldering also functioning to secure the crown firmly to the base plate providing in effect an adjustable collar,vthe flange extensions being readily bent to fit about the crown and reduced in len th to suit the size thereof.

The pin or post and socket construction possesses important advantages in the combination; It serves to take some of the strain from the flange, preventing bending or straightening out of the same under strain, at the same time it is located entirely out of the way of and does not interfere with the shaping up of the plate at the edges in fitting the same to the crown. This is especially true as regards the construction having the divided groove and notched flange, and when the flange extensions are cut ofl, the pin or post being located in longitudinal alinement with the central notch of the flange, the divided groove structure, which requires the notching of the flange, being advantageous in that the crown may be ground to the desired shape on any surface including the occlusal and buccal side, without materially weakening the tooth structure. The wall or partition intermediate the ends of the groove and connecting the bottom part of the tooth with the overhanging projecting portion serves to reinforce the structure permitting the grinding of the occlusal or buccal side of the tooth without so weakening or leaving the overhanging projection so frail as to be easily broken off.

lVhat I claim is:

1. An artificial tooth including a crown, and a metal base plate to fit against the bottom of the crown, said base plate having marginal flange portions adapted to be bent up therefrom to form a pan-like structure to receive the base of the crown.

An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove and a socket opening in its bottom, the socket opening being spaced from the groove, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provider with an upstanding flange engaging the groove, and with an upstanding pin spaced from the flange and fitting within the socket opening in the bottom of the crown.

3. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom extending across the same with a dividing wall intermediate the ends of the groove, and having a socket opening in its bottom, the socket opening being spaced from the groove, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange engaging the groove and provided with a notched part to fit over said dividing wall, and with an upstanding pin spaced from the flange and fitting within the socket opening in the bottom of the crown.

a. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom with a dividing 11 centrally of the ends of the groove, and having a socket opening in its bottom spaced from the groove and in longitudinal alinement with the dividing wall, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange to engage the groove in the bottom, the flange having a central notched part to fit over the dividing wall of the groove, and said plate having an upstanding pin spaced from the flange to engage the socket opening in the bottom of the crown.

5. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom extending across the same, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange engaging the said groove, the flange having portions extending beyond opposite edges of the plate, said por tions being adapted to be bent around the base of the crown and secured to marginal portions of the plate.

6. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom extending across the same, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange engaging the said groove, the flange having portions extending beyond opposite edges of the plate, said portions being adapted to be bent around the base of the crown and the ends secured together and to marginal portions of the plate.

. 7. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom extending across the same, and provided with a socket opening in its bottom, the socket opening being spaced from the groove, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange engaging the said groove, and with an upwardly extending pin spaced from the flange and fitting within the socket opening in the bottom of the crown, the flange having povtions extending beyond opposite edges of the plate, said portions being adapted to be bent around the base of the crown and secured to marginal portions of the plate.

8. An artificial tooth including a crown having a groove in its bottom extending across the same with a dividing wall intermediate the ends of the groove, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom of the crown provided with an upstanding flange engaging the said groove and having a notched part to fit over said dividing wall, the flange having portions extending beyond opposite edges of the plate, said portions being adapted to be bent around the base of the crown and secured to marginal portions of the plate.

9. An artificial tooth including a crown having a curved groove in its bottom extending across the same, and having a socket opening in its bottom spaced from the groove, and a metal plate to fit against the bottom or" the crown provided with a curved upstanding flange to engage the curved groove in the bottom, and with an upstanding pin spaced from the flange and fittin within the opening in the bottom of the crown.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

FRANK H. RUSSELL.

Witnesses HERBERT N. CASTLE, LAMBERT HENDERSON, 

